반응형
ethernet
역사
표준 (10M bps), 고속 (100Mbps), 기가(1Gpbs), 10기가(10Gpbs)
여기에서는 표준 이데넷을 기준으로 소개한다.
프로토콜 스택
|
dest MAC (6 bytes) |
src MAC (6 bytes) |
type (2 bytes) |
MAC
IEEE에서는 데이터 링크 계층에 LLC(Logical Link Contorl, 논리적 연결 제어)와 MAC(Medium Access Control, 매체 접근 제어)로 구분하여 여러 종류의 물리계층을 표현할 수 있게 하였다.
여기에서는 MAC부터 다를 것이다.
MAC 주소의 마지막 값이 홀수는 유니캐스트이고 짝수는 멀티 캐스트를 나타낸다.
모든 비트가 1이면 브로드캐스트이다.
type
@ 0000-05DC IEEE802.3 Length Field (0.:1500.)+ 0101-01FF Experimental 0200 Xerox PUP (conflicts with 802.3 Length Field range) (see 0A00) 0201 Xerox PUP Address Translation (conflicts ...) (see 0A01) 0400 Nixdorf (conflicts with 802.3 Length Field)+* 0600 Xerox NS IDP 0601 XNS Address Translation (3Mb only)+* 0800 DOD Internet Protocol (IP)+ 0801 X.75 Internet+ 0802 NBS Internet+ 0803 ECMA Internet+ 0804 CHAOSnet+ 0805 X.25 Level 3+* 0806 Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) (for IP and for CHAOS) 0807 XNS Compatibility 081C Symbolics Private+ 0888-088A Xyplex 0900 Ungermann-Bass network debugger 0A00 Xerox IEEE802.3 PUP 0A01 Xerox IEEE802.3 PUP Address Translation 0BAD Banyan Systems 0BAF Banyon VINES Echo 1000 Berkeley Trailer negotiation 1001-100F Berkeley Trailer encapsulation for IP 1234 DCA - Multicast* 1600 VALID system protocol 1989 Artificial Horizons ("Aviator" dogfight simulator [on Sun]) 1995 Datapoint Corporation (RCL lan protocol) 3C00 3Com NBP virtual circuit datagram (like XNS SPP) not registered 3C01 3Com NBP System control datagram not registered 3C02 3Com NBP Connect request (virtual cct) not registered 3C03 3Com NBP Connect repsonse not registered 3C04 3Com NBP Connect complete not registered 3C05 3Com NBP Close request (virtual cct) not registered 3C06 3Com NBP Close response not registered 3C07 3Com NBP Datagram (like XNS IDP) not registered 3C08 3Com NBP Datagram broadcast not registered 3C09 3Com NBP Claim NetBIOS name not registered 3C0A 3Com NBP Delete Netbios name not registered 3C0B 3Com NBP Remote adaptor status request not registered 3C0C 3Com NBP Remote adaptor response not registered 3C0D 3Com NBP Reset not registered 4242 PCS Basic Block Protocol 424C Information Modes Little Big LAN diagnostic 4321 THD - Diddle 4C42 Information Modes Little Big LAN% 5208 BBN Simnet Private 6000 DEC unassigned, experimental 6001 DEC Maintenance Operation Protocol (MOP) Dump/Load Assistance 6002 DEC Maintenance Operation Protocol (MOP) Remote Console 6003 DECNET Phase IV, DNA Routing 6004 DEC Local Area Transport (LAT) 6005 DEC diagnostic protocol (at interface initialization?) 6006 DEC customer protocol 6007 DEC Local Area VAX Cluster (LAVC), System Communication Architecture (SCA) 6008 DEC AMBER 6009 DEC MUMPS+ 6010-6014 3Com Corporation 7000 Ungermann-Bass download 7001 Ungermann-Bass NIUs 7002 Ungermann-Bass diagnostic/loopback 7003 Ungermann-Bass ??? (NMC to/from UB Bridge) 7005 Ungermann-Bass Bridge Spanning Tree 7007 OS/9 Microware 7009 OS/9 Net?+ 7020-7029 LRT (England) (now Sintrom) 7030 Racal-Interlan 7031 Prime NTS (Network Terminal Service) 7034 Cabletron 8003 Cronus VLN 8004 Cronus Direct 8005 HP Probe protocol+ 8006 Nestar+ 8008 AT&T/Stanford Univ. Local use 8010 Excelan+ 8013 Silicon Graphics diagnostic+ 8014 Silicon Graphics network games+ 8015 Silicon Graphics reserved+ 8016 Silicon Graphics XNS NameServer, bounce server+ 8019 Apollo DOMAIN+ 802E Tymshare+ 802F Tigan, Inc.+ 8035 Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP)+ 8036 Aeonic Systems 8037 IPX (Novell Netware?) 8038 DEC LanBridge Management 8039 DEC DSM/DDP 803A DEC Argonaut Console 803B DEC VAXELN 803C DEC DNS Naming Service 803D DEC Ethernet CSMA/CD Encryption Protocol 803E DEC Distributed Time Service 803F DEC LAN Traffic Monitor Protocol 8040 DEC PATHWORKS DECnet NETBIOS Emulation 8041 DEC Local Area System Transport 8042 DEC unassigned+ 8044 Planning Research Corp.+ 8046 AT&T+ 8047 AT&T 8048 DEC Availability Manager for Distributed Systems DECamds (but someone at DEC says not)+ 8049 ExperData+ 805B VMTP (Versatile Message Transaction Protocol, RFC-1045) (Stanford) [was Stanford V Kernel, experimental]+ 805C Stanford V Kernel, version 6.0+ 805D Evans & Sutherland+ 8060 Little Machines+ 8062 Counterpoint Computers+ 8065 University of Mass. at Amherst+ 8066 University of Mass. at Amherst+ 8067 Veeco Integrated Automation+ 8068 General Dynamics+ 8069 AT&T+ 806A Autophon+ 806C ComDesign+ 806D Compugraphic Corporation+ 806E-8077 Landmark Graphics Corporation+ 807A Matra+ 807B Dansk Data Elektronik+ 807C Merit Internodal (or Univ of Michigan?)+ 807D-807F Vitalink Communications+ 8080 Vitalink TransLAN III Management+ 8081-8083 Counterpoint Computers 8088-808A Xyplex+ 809B EtherTalk (AppleTalk over Ethernet)+ 809C-809E Datability+ 809F Spider Systems Ltd.+ 80A3 Nixdorf Computers+ 80A4-80B3 Siemens Gammasonics Inc.+ 80C0-80C3 DCA (Digital Comm. Assoc.) Data Exchange Cluster+ 80C6 Pacer Software+ 80C7 Applitek Corporation+ 80C8-80CC Intergraph Corporation+ 80CD-80CE Harris Corporation+ 80CF-80D2 Taylor Instrument+ 80D3-80D4 Rosemount Corporation 80D5 IBM SNA Services over Ethernet+ 80DD Varian Associates+ 80DE-80DF TRFS (Integrated Solutions Transparent Remote File System)+ 80E0-80E3 Allen-Bradley+ 80E4-80F0 Datability+ 80F2 Retix+ 80F3 AppleTalk Address Resolution Protocol (AARP)+ 80F4-80F5 Kinetics+ 80F7 Apollo Computer+ 80FF-8101 Wellfleet Communications+ 8102 Wellfleet; BOFL (Breath OF Life) pkts [every 5-10 secs.]+ 8103 Wellfleet Communications 8107-8109 Symbolics Private 812B Talaris+ 8130 Waterloo Microsystems Inc.+ 8131 VG Laboratory Systems+ 8137 Novell (old) NetWare IPX (ECONFIG E option)+ 8138 Novell, Inc.+ 8139-813D KTI 813F M/MUMPS data sharing 8145 Vrije Universiteit (NL) Amoeba 4 RPC (obsolete) 8146 Vrije Universiteit (NL) FLIP (Fast Local Internet Protocol) 8147 Vrije Universiteit (NL) [reserved] 814C SNMP over Ethernet (see RFC1089) 814F Technically Elite Concepts Network Professor 8191 PowerLAN NetBIOS/NetBEUI (PC) 817D XTP 81D6 Artisoft Lantastic 81D7 Artisoft Lantastic 8203-8205 QNX Software Systems Ltd. 8390 Accton Technologies (unregistered) 852B Talaris multicast 8582 Kalpana 86DD IP version 6 8739 Control Technology Inc. RDP Without IP 873A Control Technology Inc. Mcast Industrial Ctrl Proto. 873B Control Technology Inc. Proprietary 873C Control Technology Inc. Proprietary 8820 Hitachi Cable (Optoelectronic Systems Laboratory) 8856 Axis Communications AB proprietary bootstrap/config 8888 HP LanProbe test?+ 9000 Loopback (Configuration Test Protocol) 9001 3Com (Formerly Bridge Communications), XNS Systems Management 9002 3Com (Formerly Bridge Communications), TCP/IP Systems Management 9003 3Com (Formerly Bridge Communications), loopback detection AAAA DECNET? Used by VAX 6220 DEBNI FAF5 Sonix Arpeggio% FF00 BBN VITAL-LanBridge cache wakeups
참고 사이트: http://www.cavebear.com/archive/cavebear/Ethernet/type.html
좀 더 자세한 자료를 원하면 http://www.cavebear.com/ 사이트를 방문하자.
위 사이트는 ethernet에 관한 다양한 연구 자료를 제공하는 Karl Auerbach(CaveBear)의 것이다.
CSMA/CD(Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection)
망을 같이 사용하는 특징으로 충돌을 회피하기 위한 방법에 관한 규정
충돌을 방지하기 위해 최소 프레임 길이를 64바이트로 정의하였음(loop back은 관계없음)
표준 이더넷에서 1bit를 전송하는 최대 전파 시간은 25.6 마이크로 초이다.
따라서 1비트를 전송 및 수신하는데 걸리는 시간은 52.6 마이크로 초이다.
그리고 표준 이더넷은 10Mbps(10000000 bit per seccond)이다.
10000000 bit/sec X 52.6 마이크로 초 = 512bit = 64byte
참고로 전이중 모드는 충돌이 없어서 CSMA/CD를 이용하지 않고 반이중 모드에서만 사용한다.
다른 네트워크 프로토콜
[프로그래밍 기술/TCPIP 프로토콜] - ARP(Address Resolution Protocol)
[프로그래밍 기술/TCPIP 프로토콜] - ICMPv4
[프로그래밍 기술/TCPIP 프로토콜] - TCP(Transmission Control Protocol,RFC 675, RFC 793)
[프로그래밍 기술/TCPIP 프로토콜] - UDP(User Datagram Protocol, RFC 768)
[프로그래밍 기술/TCPIP 프로토콜] - DNS(Domain Name System, RFC 1034)
[프로그래밍 기술/TCPIP 프로토콜] - DHCP(Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
반응형
'네트워크 및 보안 > TCPIP 프로토콜' 카테고리의 다른 글
| DNS(Domain Name System, RFC 1034) (0) | 2015.02.03 |
|---|---|
| DHCP(Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) (0) | 2015.02.02 |
| TCP(Transmission Control Protocol,RFC 675, RFC 793) (0) | 2015.02.02 |
| UDP(User Datagram Protocol, RFC 768) (0) | 2015.02.02 |
| ICMPv4 (0) | 2015.02.02 |
| ARP(Address Resolution Protocol) (0) | 2015.02.02 |
| IPv4 (0) | 2015.02.02 |